Functionally and Geometrically Ordered Ti Armor

 

Ballistic Tests for Ti Composite Armors

2: Ballistic Tests

Ballistic testing was conducted on a variety of graded and geometrically complex armor tiles have been tested versus the .30 cal. APM2 armor piercing round.

Test Range
Test range facility

Target Plates
Target plates

The test results were compared to both conventional wrought titanium armor and monolithic powder metallurgy titanium plates. Examples of armor tiles that underwent ballistic testing are shown in the figures below. Also shown is a graphical summary of the test results for the various types of armor that were tested.

Images of Functionally Graded Plates
Macrographs of a functionally graded armor tile after ballistic testing.

Functionally graded armor tile after ballistic testing. Left: The impact surface showing spallation and Right: The exit surface showing no damage. The tile had a ballistic mass efficiency, Em, of 1.76.

Images of Plates with Complex Interfaces
Macrographs of a composite tile with geometrically complex interfaces after ballistic testing.

Composite tile with geometrically complex interfaces (see cross-section) after ballistic testing with various impact velocities. Impact surface (left) and exit surface (right). The tile had a mass efficiency, Em, of 1.67.

Comparison of the ballistic mass efficiency of various armor tile materials and structures

Mass Efficiency
Comparison of the ballistic mass efficiency of various armor tile materials and structures

 

Tests